Add `Link` support to `rich_text` widget

9 files changed, 287 insertions, 71 deletions

diff --git a/core/src/renderer/null.rs b/core/src/renderer/null.rs
index f9d1a5b0..7aa3aafb 100644
--- a/core/src/renderer/null.rs
+++ b/core/src/renderer/null.rs
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ impl text::Paragraph for () {
 
     fn with_text(_text: Text<&str>) -> Self {}
 
-    fn with_spans(
-        _text: Text<&[text::Span<'_, Self::Font>], Self::Font>,
+    fn with_spans<Link>(
+        _text: Text<&[text::Span<'_, Link, Self::Font>], Self::Font>,
     ) -> Self {
     }
 
@@ -107,6 +107,10 @@ impl text::Paragraph for () {
     fn hit_test(&self, _point: Point) -> Option<text::Hit> {
         None
     }
+
+    fn hit_span(&self, _point: Point) -> Option<usize> {
+        None
+    }
 }
 
 impl text::Editor for () {
diff --git a/core/src/text.rs b/core/src/text.rs
index 22cfce13..c22734f8 100644
--- a/core/src/text.rs
+++ b/core/src/text.rs
@@ -223,8 +223,8 @@ pub trait Renderer: crate::Renderer {
 }
 
 /// A span of text.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
-pub struct Span<'a, Font = crate::Font> {
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct Span<'a, Link = (), Font = crate::Font> {
     /// The [`Fragment`] of text.
     pub text: Fragment<'a>,
     /// The size of the [`Span`] in [`Pixels`].
@@ -235,9 +235,11 @@ pub struct Span<'a, Font = crate::Font> {
     pub font: Option<Font>,
     /// The [`Color`] of the [`Span`].
     pub color: Option<Color>,
+    /// The link of the [`Span`].
+    pub link: Option<Link>,
 }
 
-impl<'a, Font> Span<'a, Font> {
+impl<'a, Link, Font> Span<'a, Link, Font> {
     /// Creates a new [`Span`] of text with the given text fragment.
     pub fn new(fragment: impl IntoFragment<'a>) -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -246,6 +248,7 @@ impl<'a, Font> Span<'a, Font> {
             line_height: None,
             font: None,
             color: None,
+            link: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -285,14 +288,27 @@ impl<'a, Font> Span<'a, Font> {
         self
     }
 
+    /// Sets the link of the [`Span`].
+    pub fn link(mut self, link: impl Into<Link>) -> Self {
+        self.link = Some(link.into());
+        self
+    }
+
+    /// Sets the link of the [`Span`], if any.
+    pub fn link_maybe(mut self, link: Option<impl Into<Link>>) -> Self {
+        self.link = link.map(Into::into);
+        self
+    }
+
     /// Turns the [`Span`] into a static one.
-    pub fn to_static(self) -> Span<'static, Font> {
+    pub fn to_static(self) -> Span<'static, Link, Font> {
         Span {
             text: Cow::Owned(self.text.into_owned()),
             size: self.size,
             line_height: self.line_height,
             font: self.font,
             color: self.color,
+            link: self.link,
         }
     }
 }
@@ -303,6 +319,16 @@ impl<'a, Font> From<&'a str> for Span<'a, Font> {
     }
 }
 
+impl<'a, Link, Font: PartialEq> PartialEq for Span<'a, Link, Font> {
+    fn eq(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {
+        self.text == other.text
+            && self.size == other.size
+            && self.line_height == other.line_height
+            && self.font == other.font
+            && self.color == other.color
+    }
+}
+
 /// A fragment of [`Text`].
 ///
 /// This is just an alias to a string that may be either
diff --git a/core/src/text/paragraph.rs b/core/src/text/paragraph.rs
index 4ee83798..26650793 100644
--- a/core/src/text/paragraph.rs
+++ b/core/src/text/paragraph.rs
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@ pub trait Paragraph: Sized + Default {
     fn with_text(text: Text<&str, Self::Font>) -> Self;
 
     /// Creates a new [`Paragraph`] laid out with the given [`Text`].
-    fn with_spans(text: Text<&[Span<'_, Self::Font>], Self::Font>) -> Self;
+    fn with_spans<Link>(
+        text: Text<&[Span<'_, Link, Self::Font>], Self::Font>,
+    ) -> Self;
 
     /// Lays out the [`Paragraph`] with some new boundaries.
     fn resize(&mut self, new_bounds: Size);
@@ -35,6 +37,11 @@ pub trait Paragraph: Sized + Default {
     /// [`Paragraph`], returning information about the nearest character.
     fn hit_test(&self, point: Point) -> Option<Hit>;
 
+    /// Tests whether the provided point is within the boundaries of a
+    /// [`Span`] in the [`Paragraph`], returning the index of the [`Span`]
+    /// that was hit.
+    fn hit_span(&self, point: Point) -> Option<usize>;
+
     /// Returns the distance to the given grapheme index in the [`Paragraph`].
     fn grapheme_position(&self, line: usize, index: usize) -> Option<Point>;
 
diff --git a/examples/markdown/Cargo.toml b/examples/markdown/Cargo.toml
index 9404d5d2..cb74b954 100644
--- a/examples/markdown/Cargo.toml
+++ b/examples/markdown/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,3 +8,5 @@ publish = false
 [dependencies]
 iced.workspace = true
 iced.features = ["markdown", "highlighter", "debug"]
+
+open = "5.3"
diff --git a/examples/markdown/src/main.rs b/examples/markdown/src/main.rs
index 6b7adc12..bb6eb57b 100644
--- a/examples/markdown/src/main.rs
+++ b/examples/markdown/src/main.rs
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ struct Markdown {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 enum Message {
     Edit(text_editor::Action),
+    LinkClicked(String),
 }
 
 impl Markdown {
@@ -50,6 +51,9 @@ impl Markdown {
                     .collect();
                 }
             }
+            Message::LinkClicked(link) => {
+                let _ = open::that(link);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ impl Markdown {
             .padding(10)
             .font(Font::MONOSPACE);
 
-        let preview = markdown(&self.items);
+        let preview = markdown(&self.items, Message::LinkClicked);
 
         row![editor, scrollable(preview).spacing(10).height(Fill)]
             .spacing(10)
diff --git a/graphics/src/text/paragraph.rs b/graphics/src/text/paragraph.rs
index 37fa97f2..b69110b2 100644
--- a/graphics/src/text/paragraph.rs
+++ b/graphics/src/text/paragraph.rs
@@ -100,8 +100,8 @@ impl core::text::Paragraph for Paragraph {
         }))
     }
 
-    fn with_spans(text: Text<&[Span<'_>]>) -> Self {
-        log::trace!("Allocating rich paragraph: {:?}", text.content);
+    fn with_spans<Link>(text: Text<&[Span<'_, Link>]>) -> Self {
+        log::trace!("Allocating rich paragraph: {} spans", text.content.len());
 
         let mut font_system =
             text::font_system().write().expect("Write font system");
@@ -122,11 +122,9 @@ impl core::text::Paragraph for Paragraph {
 
         buffer.set_rich_text(
             font_system.raw(),
-            text.content.iter().map(|span| {
-                let attrs = cosmic_text::Attrs::new();
-
+            text.content.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, span)| {
                 let attrs = if let Some(font) = span.font {
-                    attrs
+                    cosmic_text::Attrs::new()
                         .family(text::to_family(font.family))
                         .weight(text::to_weight(font.weight))
                         .stretch(text::to_stretch(font.stretch))
@@ -156,7 +154,7 @@ impl core::text::Paragraph for Paragraph {
                     attrs
                 };
 
-                (span.text.as_ref(), attrs)
+                (span.text.as_ref(), attrs.metadata(i))
             }),
             text::to_attributes(text.font),
             text::to_shaping(text.shaping),
@@ -231,6 +229,36 @@ impl core::text::Paragraph for Paragraph {
         Some(Hit::CharOffset(cursor.index))
     }
 
+    fn hit_span(&self, point: Point) -> Option<usize> {
+        let internal = self.internal();
+
+        let cursor = internal.buffer.hit(point.x, point.y)?;
+        let line = internal.buffer.lines.get(cursor.line)?;
+
+        let mut last_glyph = None;
+        let mut glyphs = line
+            .layout_opt()
+            .as_ref()?
+            .iter()
+            .flat_map(|line| line.glyphs.iter())
+            .peekable();
+
+        while let Some(glyph) = glyphs.peek() {
+            if glyph.start <= cursor.index && cursor.index < glyph.end {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            last_glyph = glyphs.next();
+        }
+
+        let glyph = match cursor.affinity {
+            cosmic_text::Affinity::Before => last_glyph,
+            cosmic_text::Affinity::After => glyphs.next(),
+        }?;
+
+        Some(glyph.metadata)
+    }
+
     fn grapheme_position(&self, line: usize, index: usize) -> Option<Point> {
         use unicode_segmentation::UnicodeSegmentation;
 
diff --git a/widget/src/helpers.rs b/widget/src/helpers.rs
index 6def61d5..5b1cb5bc 100644
--- a/widget/src/helpers.rs
+++ b/widget/src/helpers.rs
@@ -683,10 +683,11 @@ where
 /// Creates a new [`Rich`] text widget with the provided spans.
 ///
 /// [`Rich`]: text::Rich
-pub fn rich_text<'a, Theme, Renderer>(
-    spans: impl Into<Cow<'a, [text::Span<'a, Renderer::Font>]>>,
-) -> text::Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>
+pub fn rich_text<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>(
+    spans: impl Into<Cow<'a, [text::Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>]>>,
+) -> text::Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
 where
+    Link: Clone,
     Theme: text::Catalog + 'a,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
diff --git a/widget/src/markdown.rs b/widget/src/markdown.rs
index de691a4d..dc207a34 100644
--- a/widget/src/markdown.rs
+++ b/widget/src/markdown.rs
@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ use crate::{column, container, rich_text, row, span, text};
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum Item {
     /// A heading.
-    Heading(Vec<text::Span<'static>>),
+    Heading(Vec<text::Span<'static, String>>),
     /// A paragraph.
-    Paragraph(Vec<text::Span<'static>>),
+    Paragraph(Vec<text::Span<'static, String>>),
     /// A code block.
     ///
     /// You can enable the `highlighter` feature for syntax highligting.
-    CodeBlock(Vec<text::Span<'static>>),
+    CodeBlock(Vec<text::Span<'static, String>>),
     /// A list.
     List {
         /// The first number of the list, if it is ordered.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ pub fn parse(
     let mut emphasis = false;
     let mut metadata = false;
     let mut table = false;
-    let mut link = false;
+    let mut link = None;
     let mut lists = Vec::new();
 
     #[cfg(feature = "highlighter")]
@@ -93,8 +93,10 @@ pub fn parse(
                 emphasis = true;
                 None
             }
-            pulldown_cmark::Tag::Link { .. } if !metadata && !table => {
-                link = true;
+            pulldown_cmark::Tag::Link { dest_url, .. }
+                if !metadata && !table =>
+            {
+                link = Some(dest_url);
                 None
             }
             pulldown_cmark::Tag::List(first_item) if !metadata && !table => {
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ pub fn parse(
                 None
             }
             pulldown_cmark::TagEnd::Link if !metadata && !table => {
-                link = false;
+                link = None;
                 None
             }
             pulldown_cmark::TagEnd::Paragraph if !metadata && !table => {
@@ -245,7 +247,11 @@ pub fn parse(
                 span
             };
 
-            let span = span.color_maybe(link.then_some(palette.primary));
+            let span = if let Some(link) = link.as_ref() {
+                span.color(palette.primary).link(link.to_string())
+            } else {
+                span
+            };
 
             spans.push(span);
 
@@ -272,40 +278,48 @@ pub fn parse(
 /// You can obtain the items with [`parse`].
 pub fn view<'a, Message, Renderer>(
     items: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Item>,
+    on_link_click: impl Fn(String) -> Message + Copy + 'a,
 ) -> Element<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer>
 where
     Message: 'a,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer<Font = Font> + 'a,
 {
     let blocks = items.into_iter().enumerate().map(|(i, item)| match item {
-        Item::Heading(heading) => container(rich_text(heading))
-            .padding(padding::top(if i > 0 { 8 } else { 0 }))
-            .into(),
-        Item::Paragraph(paragraph) => rich_text(paragraph).into(),
-        Item::List { start: None, items } => column(
-            items
-                .iter()
-                .map(|items| row!["•", view(items)].spacing(10).into()),
-        )
-        .spacing(10)
-        .into(),
+        Item::Heading(heading) => {
+            container(rich_text(heading).on_link_click(on_link_click))
+                .padding(padding::top(if i > 0 { 8 } else { 0 }))
+                .into()
+        }
+        Item::Paragraph(paragraph) => {
+            rich_text(paragraph).on_link_click(on_link_click).into()
+        }
+        Item::List { start: None, items } => {
+            column(items.iter().map(|items| {
+                row!["•", view(items, on_link_click)].spacing(10).into()
+            }))
+            .spacing(10)
+            .into()
+        }
         Item::List {
             start: Some(start),
             items,
         } => column(items.iter().enumerate().map(|(i, items)| {
-            row![text!("{}.", i as u64 + *start), view(items)]
+            row![text!("{}.", i as u64 + *start), view(items, on_link_click)]
                 .spacing(10)
                 .into()
         }))
         .spacing(10)
         .into(),
-        Item::CodeBlock(code) => {
-            container(rich_text(code).font(Font::MONOSPACE).size(12))
-                .width(Length::Fill)
-                .padding(10)
-                .style(container::rounded_box)
-                .into()
-        }
+        Item::CodeBlock(code) => container(
+            rich_text(code)
+                .font(Font::MONOSPACE)
+                .size(12)
+                .on_link_click(on_link_click),
+        )
+        .width(Length::Fill)
+        .padding(10)
+        .style(container::rounded_box)
+        .into(),
     });
 
     Element::new(column(blocks).width(Length::Fill).spacing(16))
diff --git a/widget/src/text/rich.rs b/widget/src/text/rich.rs
index 5c44ed9e..a44775c6 100644
--- a/widget/src/text/rich.rs
+++ b/widget/src/text/rich.rs
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use crate::core::alignment;
-use crate::core::layout::{self, Layout};
+use crate::core::event;
+use crate::core::layout;
 use crate::core::mouse;
 use crate::core::renderer;
 use crate::core::text::{Paragraph, Span};
@@ -8,19 +9,26 @@ use crate::core::widget::text::{
 };
 use crate::core::widget::tree::{self, Tree};
 use crate::core::{
-    self, Color, Element, Length, Pixels, Rectangle, Size, Widget,
+    self, Clipboard, Color, Element, Event, Layout, Length, Pixels, Rectangle,
+    Shell, Size, Widget,
 };
 
 use std::borrow::Cow;
 
 /// A bunch of [`Rich`] text.
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Rich<'a, Theme = crate::Theme, Renderer = crate::Renderer>
-where
+#[allow(missing_debug_implementations)]
+pub struct Rich<
+    'a,
+    Message,
+    Link = (),
+    Theme = crate::Theme,
+    Renderer = crate::Renderer,
+> where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
     Theme: Catalog,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
-    spans: Cow<'a, [Span<'a, Renderer::Font>]>,
+    spans: Cow<'a, [Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>]>,
     size: Option<Pixels>,
     line_height: LineHeight,
     width: Length,
@@ -29,10 +37,13 @@ where
     align_x: alignment::Horizontal,
     align_y: alignment::Vertical,
     class: Theme::Class<'a>,
+    on_link_click: Option<Box<dyn Fn(Link) -> Message + 'a>>,
 }
 
-impl<'a, Theme, Renderer> Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>
+impl<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
+    Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
 where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
     Theme: Catalog,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
@@ -48,12 +59,13 @@ where
             align_x: alignment::Horizontal::Left,
             align_y: alignment::Vertical::Top,
             class: Theme::default(),
+            on_link_click: None,
         }
     }
 
     /// Creates a new [`Rich`] text with the given text spans.
     pub fn with_spans(
-        spans: impl Into<Cow<'a, [Span<'a, Renderer::Font>]>>,
+        spans: impl Into<Cow<'a, [Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>]>>,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
             spans: spans.into(),
@@ -143,6 +155,15 @@ where
         self.style(move |_theme| Style { color })
     }
 
+    /// Sets the message handler for link clicks on the [`Rich`] text.
+    pub fn on_link_click(
+        mut self,
+        on_link_click: impl Fn(Link) -> Message + 'a,
+    ) -> Self {
+        self.on_link_click = Some(Box::new(on_link_click));
+        self
+    }
+
     /// Sets the default style class of the [`Rich`] text.
     #[cfg(feature = "advanced")]
     #[must_use]
@@ -152,14 +173,19 @@ where
     }
 
     /// Adds a new text [`Span`] to the [`Rich`] text.
-    pub fn push(mut self, span: impl Into<Span<'a, Renderer::Font>>) -> Self {
+    pub fn push(
+        mut self,
+        span: impl Into<Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>>,
+    ) -> Self {
         self.spans.to_mut().push(span.into());
         self
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a, Theme, Renderer> Default for Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>
+impl<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer> Default
+    for Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
 where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
     Theme: Catalog,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
@@ -168,24 +194,27 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-struct State<P: Paragraph> {
-    spans: Vec<Span<'static, P::Font>>,
+struct State<Link, P: Paragraph> {
+    spans: Vec<Span<'static, Link, P::Font>>,
+    span_pressed: Option<usize>,
     paragraph: P,
 }
 
-impl<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer> Widget<Message, Theme, Renderer>
-    for Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>
+impl<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer> Widget<Message, Theme, Renderer>
+    for Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
 where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
     Theme: Catalog,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
     fn tag(&self) -> tree::Tag {
-        tree::Tag::of::<State<Renderer::Paragraph>>()
+        tree::Tag::of::<State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>>()
     }
 
     fn state(&self) -> tree::State {
-        tree::State::new(State {
+        tree::State::new(State::<Link, _> {
             spans: Vec::new(),
+            span_pressed: None,
             paragraph: Renderer::Paragraph::default(),
         })
     }
@@ -204,7 +233,8 @@ where
         limits: &layout::Limits,
     ) -> layout::Node {
         layout(
-            tree.state.downcast_mut::<State<Renderer::Paragraph>>(),
+            tree.state
+                .downcast_mut::<State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>>(),
             renderer,
             limits,
             self.width,
@@ -228,7 +258,10 @@ where
         _cursor_position: mouse::Cursor,
         viewport: &Rectangle,
     ) {
-        let state = tree.state.downcast_ref::<State<Renderer::Paragraph>>();
+        let state = tree
+            .state
+            .downcast_ref::<State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>>();
+
         let style = theme.style(&self.class);
 
         text::draw(
@@ -240,15 +273,106 @@ where
             viewport,
         );
     }
+
+    fn on_event(
+        &mut self,
+        tree: &mut Tree,
+        event: Event,
+        layout: Layout<'_>,
+        cursor: mouse::Cursor,
+        _renderer: &Renderer,
+        _clipboard: &mut dyn Clipboard,
+        shell: &mut Shell<'_, Message>,
+        _viewport: &Rectangle,
+    ) -> event::Status {
+        let Some(on_link_click) = self.on_link_click.as_ref() else {
+            return event::Status::Ignored;
+        };
+
+        match event {
+            Event::Mouse(mouse::Event::ButtonPressed(mouse::Button::Left)) => {
+                if let Some(position) = cursor.position_in(layout.bounds()) {
+                    let state = tree
+                        .state
+                        .downcast_mut::<State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>>();
+
+                    if let Some(span) = state.paragraph.hit_span(position) {
+                        state.span_pressed = Some(span);
+
+                        return event::Status::Captured;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            Event::Mouse(mouse::Event::ButtonReleased(mouse::Button::Left)) => {
+                let state = tree
+                    .state
+                    .downcast_mut::<State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>>();
+
+                if let Some(span_pressed) = state.span_pressed {
+                    state.span_pressed = None;
+
+                    if let Some(position) = cursor.position_in(layout.bounds())
+                    {
+                        match state.paragraph.hit_span(position) {
+                            Some(span) if span == span_pressed => {
+                                if let Some(link) = state
+                                    .spans
+                                    .get(span)
+                                    .and_then(|span| span.link.clone())
+                                {
+                                    shell.publish(on_link_click(link));
+                                }
+                            }
+                            _ => {}
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+
+        event::Status::Ignored
+    }
+
+    fn mouse_interaction(
+        &self,
+        tree: &Tree,
+        layout: Layout<'_>,
+        cursor: mouse::Cursor,
+        _viewport: &Rectangle,
+        _renderer: &Renderer,
+    ) -> mouse::Interaction {
+        if self.on_link_click.is_none() {
+            return mouse::Interaction::None;
+        }
+
+        if let Some(position) = cursor.position_in(layout.bounds()) {
+            let state = tree
+                .state
+                .downcast_ref::<State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>>();
+
+            if let Some(span) = state
+                .paragraph
+                .hit_span(position)
+                .and_then(|span| state.spans.get(span))
+            {
+                if span.link.is_some() {
+                    return mouse::Interaction::Pointer;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        mouse::Interaction::None
+    }
 }
 
-fn layout<Renderer>(
-    state: &mut State<Renderer::Paragraph>,
+fn layout<Link, Renderer>(
+    state: &mut State<Link, Renderer::Paragraph>,
     renderer: &Renderer,
     limits: &layout::Limits,
     width: Length,
     height: Length,
-    spans: &[Span<'_, Renderer::Font>],
+    spans: &[Span<'_, Link, Renderer::Font>],
     line_height: LineHeight,
     size: Option<Pixels>,
     font: Option<Renderer::Font>,
@@ -256,6 +380,7 @@ fn layout<Renderer>(
     vertical_alignment: alignment::Vertical,
 ) -> layout::Node
 where
+    Link: Clone,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
     layout::sized(limits, width, height, |limits| {
@@ -305,13 +430,15 @@ where
     })
 }
 
-impl<'a, Theme, Renderer> FromIterator<Span<'a, Renderer::Font>>
-    for Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>
+impl<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
+    FromIterator<Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>>
+    for Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
 where
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
     Theme: Catalog,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer,
 {
-    fn from_iter<T: IntoIterator<Item = Span<'a, Renderer::Font>>>(
+    fn from_iter<T: IntoIterator<Item = Span<'a, Link, Renderer::Font>>>(
         spans: T,
     ) -> Self {
         Self {
@@ -321,14 +448,17 @@ where
     }
 }
 
-impl<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer> From<Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>>
+impl<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>
+    From<Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>>
     for Element<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer>
 where
+    Message: 'a,
+    Link: Clone + 'static,
     Theme: Catalog + 'a,
     Renderer: core::text::Renderer + 'a,
 {
     fn from(
-        text: Rich<'a, Theme, Renderer>,
+        text: Rich<'a, Message, Link, Theme, Renderer>,
     ) -> Element<'a, Message, Theme, Renderer> {
         Element::new(text)
     }